News & Insights

Washington, D.C. – America’s broken permitting system is costing manufacturers in America $7.9 billion each year, according to a new report released today by the National Association of Manufacturers and the Foundation for American Innovation—underscoring the urgent need for bipartisan, comprehensive permitting reform to strengthen America’s economic and national security. The findings highlight how widespread and complex federal permitting requirements have become, with manufacturers most commonly citing Clean Water Act permits (required for 82.1% of projects) and Clean Air Act permits (required for 72.6% of projects)—the latter noted as the most burdensome approval process.

The new report, “America on Hold: How Permitting Delays Stall Manufacturing Progress,” draws from a recent joint survey of manufacturers conducted between Dec. 9, 2025, and Jan. 15, 2026, examining the types of projects companies are pursuing, the permits they most frequently require, where uncertainty and regulatory complexity create challenges and which reforms would have the greatest impact. The findings reveal a permitting system that hits manufacturers hardest where they operate most often: routine upgrades, expansions and ongoing operations.

“Manufacturers are investing across America, but permitting roadblocks are holding projects back,” said NAM President and CEO Jay Timmons. “It takes the U.S. up to 80% longer than our peer nations to move projects forward. Manufacturers want ribbon cuttings, not red tape—that means modernizing our laws to streamline regulations and eliminate duplicative reviews and a regulatory regime to support timely permitting and give manufacturers the certainty to invest, build and create jobs.”

From the NAM’s survey to manufacturers:

• 50.8% say permitting concerns discourage investment in new or expanded capacity.
• 65.6% would increase U.S. investment if permitting timelines were shorter and more predictable.
• The most common permitted activities are facility expansions and equipment upgrades, not megaprojects.

Until now, consolidated research demonstrating the full economic impact of the federal permitting system on manufacturing investment has been limited—largely due to the sheer number of laws and regulations governing permits, as well as the absence of a centralized federal repository of permitting data. The NAM–FAI report addresses that gap by combining publicly available permitting data with original industry survey results to provide one of the most comprehensive views to date on the cost of permitting for manufacturers.

The full report can be read here.

Methodology:

Using external and survey data, the NAM–FAI findings estimate that over the past 10 years, the U.S. manufacturing sector has incurred an average annual permitting burden of $7.9 billion+. To calculate, unit costs are derived by multiplying the 10-year federal permit counts with the total out-of-pocket and indirect costs of the permitting process, as detailed in the bullets below.

• The federal count of applications and final permits obtained by manufacturers over the past 10 years, categorized by permit type (i.e., NEPA, Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, etc.)
• Out-of-pocket costs that include application fees, consultants, legal expenses and more from project delays
• Delays created by indirect costs, such as carrying costs, lost revenue from pushing back project initiation, inventory and contract impacts

-NAM- 

The National Association of Manufacturers is the largest manufacturing association in the United States, representing small and large manufacturers in every industrial sector and in all 50 states. Manufacturing employs nearly 13 million men and women, contributes $2.95 trillion to the U.S. economy annually and accounts for 53% of private-sector research and development. The NAM is the powerful voice of the manufacturing community and the leading advocate for a policy agenda that helps manufacturers compete in the global economy and create jobs across the United States. For more information about the NAM or to follow us on Twitter and Facebook, please visit www.nam.org.

Featured Quotes from Chairman Bruce Westerman and Manufacturing Leaders

“The federal permitting process is broken, and this report confirms what we already know: clarity and certainty must return to the process to jumpstart projects, end duplicative reviews, reform judicial review processes and boost project investments in the United States. My bipartisan SPEED Act will tackle these issues to let America build again, so we can remain a global leader across all industries, including manufacturing.” – House Committee on Natural Resources Chairman Bruce Westerman (R-Ark.)

“Regulatory uncertainty is one of the most significant hurdles our customers face as they consider placing new equipment orders with Husco. Permitting delays and denials can derail projects that enhance our economy and provide family-sustaining jobs for workers. A comprehensive effort to streamline the permitting process would represent a significant step forward. Common-sense reforms to the National Environmental Policy Act are just one example of many that would help expedite new investment. We fully support NAM’s ongoing and important efforts in this area.” – Austin Ramirez, President and CEO of Husco and NAM Small and Medium Manufacturers Group Vice Chair

“Projects that strengthen our energy system can face years of unnecessary delays under the current NEPA framework. Uncertain timelines, duplicative reviews, overly expansive analyses, and lengthy litigation can stall or even cancel critical infrastructure. Modernizing NEPA is a critical step toward providing greater certainty for developers and communities so we can deliver the energy needed to support American jobs, strengthen supply chains, and keep energy affordable for families and businesses.” – Toby Z Rice, President and CEO, EQT

“As the U.S. works to strengthen energy security and expand domestic manufacturing, the ability to build power generation, transmission and grid infrastructure on predictable timelines has become increasingly important. In our work across the energy sector, we see how lengthy and duplicative permitting processes can add years of uncertainty to projects needed to support reliability, electrification and new human critical infrastructure investments. Nearly as critical, it can also delay hiring and investment in the skilled workforce required to build and operate this critical infrastructure. While the National Environmental Policy Act plays an important role in protecting communities and the environment, modernizing permitting by improving coordination, setting clearer timelines and ensuring reviews are applied in an energy‑source‑neutral way would help advance critical infrastructure without lowering standards. Properly resourcing permitting agencies — and the judiciary to resolve challenges efficiently — would further improve predictability. A more efficient, transparent permitting framework is essential to delivering the power systems required to meet growing demand and keep U.S. industry competitive.” – Todd Edsall, President, Power Providers, Black & Veatch

We were the first mining project covered under the federal government’s FAST-41 permitting program in 2024. From start to finish the process will take just over two years. We have seen the benefits that streamlining and coordinating federal efforts under NEPA provides to projects like Hermosa. When there is a collective will to support a project needed for national security, the resources are put in place to ensure the defined timeline milestones are met with the same, if not more, amount of rigor and efficiency. By responsibly modernizing NEPA in a bipartisan manner, more critical projects can move forward to support communities, provide jobs, and deliver for America” – Pat Risner, President, Hermosa Project, South32

“The recent NEPA reforms are solid first step towards modernizing the permitting process. However, there is much more we can do to remove the bureaucracy that is not providing value. We don’t have time to waste if our energy infrastructure is going to keep pace with the AI boom. If we can create more predictability in permitting, the results will include more stability, greater speed, and lower costs.” – Ryan Lindsey, Executive Vice President of Government Relations, CRH Americas

“At Nucor, permitting delays are not abstract—they directly affect our ability to invest, build, and create good paying manufacturing jobs in America. We have experienced firsthand how reviews under NEPA and related permitting requirements can add months to project timelines and significantly increase costs, even for projects with strong environmental performance and local support. Modernizing NEPA to provide clearer timelines, better interagency coordination, and a more predictable review process, including a greater role for states with appropriate federal oversight, would strengthen American manufacturing while maintaining robust environmental protections.”  – Ben Pickett, Executive Vice President of Business Services, Nucor Corporation

Building permits declined 5.4% in January and 5.8% over the year. Permits for single-family homes in January decreased 0.9% and 11.6% over the year. On the other hand, permits for buildings with five or more units plummeted 13.4% in January but rose 8.9% over the year.

In January, housing starts jumped 7.2% in January and 9.5% over the year. On the other hand, starts for single-family homes dropped 2.8% from December and 6.5% over the year. Meanwhile, starts for buildings with five or more units surged 29.1% over the month and 56.9% over the year.

Housing completions increased 4.8% over the month but fell 7.5% over the year. Single-family home completions stepped down 1.0% from December and 3.3% from January 2025. At the same time, completions for buildings with five or more units jumped 16.2% but plunged 15.6% from one year ago.

Existing home sales rose 1.7% in February but fell 1.4% over the year. Housing inventory moved up to 1.29 million units, increasing 2.4% from January and 4.9% from last year. The median existing home price was $398,000, up 0.3% from last year. The Midwest, South and West posted monthly increases in existing home sales, while the Northeast registered a decline in February.

Single-family home sales advanced 2.5% from January but fell 1.1% from February 2025, with the median price ticking up 0.2% from last year to $401,800. Condo and co-op sales declined 5.3% over the month and 5.3% over the year to 360,000 units in February. Meanwhile, the median price for condos and co-ops inched up 0.9% from the prior year to $358,100.

Homes were typically on the market for 47 days in February, up from 46 days in January and 42 days in February 2025. First-time buyers made up 34% of sales in February, up from 31% in January and in February 2025.

The NFIB Small Business Optimism Index inched down 0.5 points to 98.8 in February, remaining just above the 52-year average of 98. February’s decrease was due primarily to a decline in sales expectations, which more than offset a jump in earnings trends. Of the 10 components included in the index, three increased, four decreased and three stayed the same. Meanwhile, the Uncertainty Index fell 3 points to 88, still well above the 51-year average (68) and above the average since 2016 (80).

Taxes were again cited as the top concern for small business owners, with 19% reporting them as the most important problem, up 1 point from January. The share of business owners reporting labor quality as the top problem fell 1 point from January to 15%, with 33% struggling to fill open jobs and 54% reported hiring or trying to hire in February. Meanwhile, inflation ranked third in the list of concerns, with 12% reporting it as their top problem, unchanged from January, with a net 24% raising prices.

A net 34% of small business owners reported raising compensation, up 2 points in February after moving up 1 point in January. Meanwhile, 22% of business owners plan to increase compensation in the next three months, unchanged from January. Pressure on profitability weakened in February, with positive profit trends rising 7 points from January to a net negative 14%. Among owners reporting lower profits, 28% blamed weaker sales, 19% mentioned usual seasonal changes, 13% cited increased material costs, 7% noted labor costs and the same percentage mentioned insurance costs. Meanwhile, 5% reported their last loan was harder to get than previous attempts, up 2 points from January, and a net negative 3% of owners cited paying a higher interest rate on their most recent loan, up 3 points from the prior month.

The outlook for general business conditions declined 3 points to 18%, remaining above the historical average of 4%. Furthermore, expectations for better business conditions are down 19 points from February 2025. At the same time, 15% reported that it is a good time to expand their business, unchanged from January and a rather weak reading compared to times of economic expansion. Overall, growth remains robust while the labor market falters, as small business owners continue to anticipate economic conditions to remain more moderated.

Job openings for manufacturing increased by 69,000 to 495,000 in January. On the other hand, the December job openings level of 426,000 was revised downward from 433,000 in the previous report. Nondurable goods job openings in January rose by 16,000 to 155,000, while durable goods job openings climbed by 53,000 to 340,000. The manufacturing job openings rate jumped to 3.8% from 3.3% in December and 3.4% the previous year. The rate for nondurable goods manufacturing advanced 0.3 percentage points to 3.1% and 0.7 percentage points to 4.2% for durable goods manufacturing.

In the larger economy, the number of job openings rose to 6.9 million, an increase of 396,000 from December but a decline of 485,000 from the previous year. The job openings rate ticked up to 4.2% from 4.0% in December and edged down from 4.5% in January 2025. This data reflects an overall labor market that has eased back to pre-pandemic levels but remains relatively tight from a historical perspective.

The number of hires in the overall economy inched up 22,000 to 5.3 million in January and 56,000 from the previous year. The hires rate for the overall economy stayed the same in January at 3.3%. Meanwhile, the hires rate for manufacturing ticked up 0.1 percentage point to 2.3%, down from 2.5% in January 2025. The hires rate for durable goods increased 0.2 percentage points to 2.2%, while the hires rate for nondurable goods declined 0.1 percentage point to 2.6%.

In the larger economy, total separations, which include quits, layoffs, discharges and other separations, declined 98,000 from December to 5.1 million and 136,000 from the previous year. The total separations rate edged down 0.1 percentage point to 3.2% for the overall economy and by the same amount for manufacturing to 2.3%, down from 2.6% from the year prior. Within that rate, layoffs and discharges increased by 7,000 in January for manufacturing, while quits decreased by 18,000. The quit and layoff rates continue to remain lower for manufacturing than the total nonfarm sector.

In February, consumer prices increased 0.3% from January and 2.4% over the year, unchanged from the 2.4% annual rise in January. Core CPI, which excludes more volatile energy and food prices, rose 0.2% from January and 2.5% over the year, also unchanged from the 2.5% 12-month increase the month prior.

Energy costs advanced 0.6% over the month in February, after declining 1.5% in January. Over the year, energy costs rose 0.5%, after inching down 0.3% year-over-year in January. Within the energy index, gasoline prices ticked up 0.8% in February but were still down 5.6% over the year, while fuel oil prices jumped 11.1% month-over-month and 6.2% year-over-year. Meanwhile, electricity prices edged down 0.7% in February but increased 4.8% from February 2025, while natural gas prices surged 3.1% over the month and 10.9% over the year.

In February, food prices grew 0.4% over the month and 3.1% over the year, after increasing 2.9% year-over-year in January. Prices for food at home advanced 0.4% from January and 2.4% from February 2025, while prices for food away from home climbed 0.3% month-over-month and 3.9% year-over-year. Of the different food groups, beef and veal and coffee continue to rise at the fastest pace, soaring 14.4% and 18.4% over the year, respectively.

The shelter index rose 0.2% from January and 3.0% over the year, consistent with the 3.0% annual gain in January. Meanwhile, prices for used cars and trucks fell 0.4% over the month and 3.2% over the year, while new vehicle prices stayed the same over the month but ticked up 0.5% from February 2025. Relatedly, prices for motor vehicle maintenance and repair jumped 0.9% month-over-month and 5.6% year-over-year.

Although the headline inflation rate is still above the Federal Reserve’s target of 2.0%, it has moderated back closer to 2025 lows. Federal Reserve officials held their interest rate target steady at their January meeting, and markets anticipate that the Federal Open Market Committee will keep its interest rate target unchanged again at this week’s meeting. Since its last meeting, risks to the Federal Reserve’s employment and inflation mandates have both risen.

Washington, D.C. – As the review of the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement gets underway, a majority of manufacturers report they utilize either Canada or Mexico for critical parts of their supply chains—at a time when trade uncertainty remains manufacturers’ top business concern, according to the National Association of Manufacturers Q1 2026 Manufacturers’ Outlook Survey. The survey also shows manufacturers’ optimism is rising, with 75.3% reporting a positive outlook for their company, up 5.4 percentage points from the previous quarter.

Among the manufacturers that utilize Canada or Mexico for critical parts of their supply chain, exactly half rely on both countries, according to the latest findings. The majority of U.S. imports from Mexico and Canada are industrial inputs such as machinery, equipment and raw materials while Canada and Mexico also purchase one-third of manufactured good exports—more than the next nine U.S. trading partners combined.

“Manufacturers are ready for liftoff, but the skies need to clear,” said NAM President and CEO Jay Timmons. “This quarter shows a mixed bag of results with real momentum from tax reform, regulatory rebalancing and energy policy. At the same time, the results underscore how essential durable supply chains are to manufacturing success—and how critical Canada and Mexico are to that system, which is why we need to preserve and strengthen the USMCA.”

“For the first time since 2023, manufacturers’ outlook topped the historical average of 74.3%, and manufacturers expect most indices to improve meaningfully over the next 12 months. Sales and production are projected to rise 3.8% and 3.5%, respectively, up from the previous quarter’s forecast of 2.8% and 2.4% growth,” said NAM Chief Economist Victoria Bloom. “However, challenges persist. For example, raw material and other input costs are not anticipated to slow, rising at the same pace as projected in Q4 (4.1%) and ranking as the third-highest business concern at 57.5%.”

Key findings:

• 70.6% of manufacturers cited trade uncertainties as a top business challenge for the fifth consecutive quarter.
• 54.6% secure critical inputs from either Canada or Mexico—82.2% of those manufacturers say they source raw materials or other inputs from either country.
• Of those that utilize Canada or Mexico, 62.7% benefit from a strong customer base across the border.
• For the second consecutive quarter, rising health care/insurance costs (69.8%) remained the second most-cited business challenge for manufacturers.

The NAM releases these results to the public each quarter. Further information on the survey is available here.

-NAM-

The National Association of Manufacturers is the largest manufacturing association in the United States, representing small and large manufacturers in every industrial sector and in all 50 states. Manufacturing employs nearly 13 million men and women, contributes $2.95 trillion to the U.S. economy annually and accounts for 53% of private-sector research and development. The NAM is the powerful voice of the manufacturing community and the leading advocate for a policy agenda that helps manufacturers compete in the global economy and create jobs across the United States. For more information about the NAM or to follow us on Twitter and Facebook, please visit www.nam.org.

Watch NAM’s Jay Timmons and SBA Administrator Kelly Loeffler on Fox Business

Washington, D.C. – Today, the National Association of Manufacturers and the U.S. Small Business Administration host the inaugural 2026 Supplier Matchmaking Expo at Charlotte Motor Speedway in North Carolina. There, large manufacturers will connect with smaller suppliers, strengthening their U.S. supply chains and paving the way for more job creation and investment in American industrial dominance.

Ahead of the event, NAM President and CEO Jay Timmons and SBA Administrator Kelly Loeffler joined “Mornings with Maria” on Fox Business to discuss the state of manufacturing.

On Impact of H.R. 1 for Manufacturers

JAY TIMMONS: “I was here … in Charlotte where I got to see the benefits of H.R. 1. We were at Ketchie … the CEO of that company had signs all over her plant showing which machines were able to be purchased because of the tax reforms of 2017 and 2025. You put that together with regulatory modernization and energy development, and then you start putting together small manufacturers who can actually contribute to the supply chain and you’ve just got a supercharged economy. SBA Administrator Kelly Loeffler has been all over the road for the last 57 weeks, I think, pointing out how we need to really strengthen and supercharge the power and the might of small manufacturers here in the United States.”

On 2026 Supplier Matchmaking Expo

KELLY LOEFFLER: “We’re so proud to partner with the National Association of Manufacturers to bring large manufacturers like Ford, Siemens, Boeing, Lockheed and many others together with a half dozen federal agencies and then nearly 900 small businesses. And this is the energy that we see on the ground—that small manufacturers are seeing a ramp-up in orders. You saw that in the ISM, both the services and the manufacturing data, two consecutive months of expansion. What’s exciting about this is that’s a forward-looking metric, as is the small business optimism that we see in this sector. Seventy percent of companies expect revenue growth, half expect to expand. I’ve talked to manufacturers that expect to double, and we’ve seen the demand from large manufacturers that need their subcontractors, companies like Ford that use 5,000 small business manufacturers to help strengthen their supply chain. Those manufacturers need to be in America. Those are American jobs, and that’s why we’re so excited to host this event today in Charlotte.”

On Manufacturing Workforce Needs

TIMMONS: “There are about 400,000 open jobs in manufacturing right now, and what we’re seeing is a need for more highly specialized jobs on the technical side—technicians who can help us develop AI and infuse AI into our workforce. About 50% of small businesses right now use AI in their operations. That number will grow to about 80% by the year 2030. So, think in terms of jobs that we don’t even have an idea of what they look like today. Every generation … the job types in manufacturing change so substantially, and AI, I think, is going to take us in a whole different direction.”

LOEFFLER: “What we see on the ground is strong demand for the skilled workforce, and that’s what we’re working with small businesses on. They have millions of jobs open. This is what our mandate is now … to help create the skilled workforce of the future because those jobs are out there, as Jay said, and we need to make sure that our young people are ready to take those jobs on.”

-NAM-

The National Association of Manufacturers is the largest manufacturing association in the United States, representing small and large manufacturers in every industrial sector and in all 50 states. Manufacturing employs nearly 13 million men and women, contributes $2.95 trillion to the U.S. economy annually and accounts for 53% of private-sector research and development. The NAM is the powerful voice of the manufacturing community and the leading advocate for a policy agenda that helps manufacturers compete in the global economy and create jobs across the United States. For more information about the NAM or to follow us on Twitter and Facebook, please visit www.nam.org.

The Manufacturing Institute, the NAM’s workforce development and education affiliation, announced the 145 recipients of the 2026 STEP Ahead Awards on Monday. They will be honored at the STEP Ahead Awards Gala in April.

• The awards honor outstanding leaders in the industry at all career levels and all positions—from the shop floor to the C-suite—as they build the industry of the future and inspire the next generation of the workers.

Why it matters: With more than 400,000 openings in the sector today—and an expected 3.8 million new employees needed by 2033—the industry requires leaders and role models to show prospective workers all that it can offer.

STEP leaders say: “As chair of the STEP Ahead Awards, I’m honored to recognize distinguished leaders who are strengthening manufacturing excellence by investing in the future talent pipeline. With our industry facing a critical workforce challenge, real innovation will only come from empowering our workforces and nurturing the next generation of leaders through mentorship, sponsorship and serving as strong role models,” Biogen Executive Vice President and Head of Pharmaceutical Operations and Technology Nicole Murphy said.

• “It’s a privilege to serve as vice chair of the STEP Ahead Awards and to highlight those who are reimagining what’s possible in our industry. I’m proud to see the next generation of female and ally leaders shaping the future of manufacturing and technology and inspiring others to see STEM careers as both meaningful and attainable,” AstraZeneca Senior Vice President and Global Head of Pharmaceutical Technology and Development Dafni Bika said.

The MI says: “The STEP Ahead Awards are truly a celebration of the outstanding character and contributions of so many members of the manufacturing workforce. Our industry is so fortunate to have so many inspiring leaders and mentors who are cultivating fulfilling workplace cultures that encourage people to join, stay and grow our workforce,” said MI President Carolyn Lee.

What’s next: The 2026 STEP Ahead Awards Gala will take place April 23, 2026, at The Anthem in Washington, D.C. View the full list of awardees and learn more about the awards gala here.

Washington, D.C. – Vermeer Corporation, an industrial and agricultural equipment producer based in Pella, Iowa, is crediting the pro-growth tax provisions of H.R. 1 with supporting the company’s plan to build an all-new 300,000-square-foot facility in the Des Moines metro that will create more than 300 jobs.

Vermeer said in a company statement, “We’re grateful for the state of Iowa, the pro-business environment, the skilled workforce here and economic policies, like Working Families Tax Cuts, that have helped support Vermeer’s long-term growth.”

Last August, National Association of Manufacturers Executive Vice President Erin Streeter joined Rep. Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA) for a Made in America Manufacturing Tour across Iowa’s 1st District, where they visited Vermeer’s facility in Pella. During the tour, Vermeer President and CEO and NAM Executive Committee member Jason Andringa said H.R. 1 “sets up manufacturers for a generation of continued growth and advancement.”

Streeter praised Rep. Miller-Meeks’ leadership during the tour.

“H.R.1 is a landmark win for manufacturing—delivering pro-growth policies that will strengthen our industry for years to come. Without bold leadership from lawmakers like Rep. Miller-Meeks, manufacturers could have been crippled by the largest tax hike in history—jeopardizing the progress we made after the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Iowa’s 1st Congressional District is the first in the state for manufacturing. We want to thank her for protecting 13,000 jobs and $1.2 billion in wages at more than 800 manufacturing companies in her district alone.”

Background

KEY FACTS: If Congress had failed to preserve tax reform in 2025, the U.S. would have risked:

• 5.9 million lost jobs;
• A $540 billion reduction in employee compensation; and
• A $1.1 trillion shortfall in U.S. GDP.

-NAM-

The National Association of Manufacturers is the largest manufacturing association in the United States, representing small and large manufacturers in every industrial sector and in all 50 states. Manufacturing employs nearly 13 million men and women, contributes $2.95 trillion to the U.S. economy annually and accounts for 53% of private-sector research and development. The NAM is the powerful voice of the manufacturing community and the leading advocate for a policy agenda that helps manufacturers compete in the global economy and create jobs across the United States. For more information about the NAM or to follow us on Twitter and Facebook, please visit www.nam.org.